Improvement in progressive kilns



H. DUEBERG.

Brick Kiln.

Patented Sept.` T869.

N. PETERS. PHOTO L THOGRAPM Cilnite' gunna cient' (tiijiitrr/ LettersPatent N 94,580, dated September 7, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN PROGRESSIVE KILNS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part cf thesame.

To all whom it may concern:

Bc it known that I, HELMUTH Dunnnnu, of the city and county ofBaltimore, State of lilaryland, have .invented a new and usefulImprovement in Progressive Kilns; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enablethose skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being hadvto the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, inwhich drawing- Figure l represents a plan or top view of this invention,partly in section.

Figure 2 is a partial longitudinal section of the same.

Figure 3 is a transverse section of the saine.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

rlhis invention relates to certain improvements on that class of kilnswhich is known by the term of progressive, or continuous kilns, and forwhich Letters Patent were granted to E. F. Hollmann, June 13, 1865, andto (lr. A. Wcdekind and myself, December 15,1868.

The improvements, which form the subject-matter of Athis presentapplication for a patent, consist in the arrangement of bridgesrorarches, extending, at suitable distances apart, across the open topofthe kiln, and provided with feed-holes, in such a manner that thefeed-holes remain permanent while the top ofthe kiln is changed, and, atthe same time, the workmen engaged in operating the kiln, are enabled towalk on the top of said kiln, by stepping on the bridges, without beingobliged to come in contact with the temporary cover, which, heilighighly heated, would be liable to injure their feet.

\Vith the perforated bridges, I have combined tubular furnaces, in whichthe combustion ofthe fuel takes place Without coming in contact with thematerial to be burned, and which also servo as props or braces for thebridges.

In the drawing- The letter A designates a series of' lnu'ning-chambers,which are arranged in a continuous or endless row, side by side,without, however, being separated from each other by permanentpartitions, one movable partition, E, only being used, which isinsert-ed successively between the adjoining burning-chambers to controlthe circulation or' the heated air and products of combustion.

The top of my kiln is partially open, each burningchamber being providedwith one or more blidges,` B, which may be flat or arched, and whichextend across said chambers, as shown particularly in fig. 2 of' thedrawing, Through the bridges pass the feed-holes a, which serve tointroduce the fuel to be consumed in the several burning-chambers. Thesefeed-holes are either cylindrical, or conical, or triunpet-shaped, and

they may be made to pass through the bridges in a vertical or in an inclined direction.

lf thekbridges are not supported from below, they must be arched, so asto be self-sustaining, but, in most cases it is preferable to apply,below the bridges and under each feed-hole, a cylindrical furnace, C,made of fire-clay, or other suitable refractory material, and perforatedwith holes to allow access of the air requisite for supportingthecombustion ofthe fuel contained in said furnaces. These furnaces maybe permanently fixed under the'bridges, or they may be so arranged thatthey can be readily removed, whenever it may be desirable.

By the use of said cylindrical furnaces, uuderthe bridges, the fuel isnot permitted to mingle or come in direct Contact with the bricks orother matcrial to be burned, and furthermore, these furnaces occupy4comparatively little room, and therefore they do but' little interferewith the working capacity of the .kiln.

From each burniug-chalnber extends a fina-E, to the main fille G, whichcommunicates with the smokestack, each of the lines F being providedwith a separate damper. If the number of burning-chambers is twelve, andthe movable partition 'E is inserted be- 4, tween chambers twelve andone, while all the dampcrs,

except that of chamber twelve, are closed, the top of chamber one isuncovered, all the other chambers heilig closed and covered, then thecold air passes in through chamber one, and after it has come incontact-with and supportedV t-hc combustiouof the fuel,

'the products of combustion pass olf through the fine of chamber twelve.

When the various chambers have been filled with bricks or othermaterial, to be burned, the spaces bctween the bridges l are closed bylayers of tiles, clay, or sand. 'lhc furnaces C are supplied withfuelthrongh the feed-holes a., the partition E is adjusted Vin thedcsired spot, and the fuel, in the several furnaces, is ignited. 1t' thechai-gein one ofthe chambers has been sufficiently burned, it isremoved, a fresh charge is introdnced,tbe movable partition is advanced,the spaces Abetween the bridgesare again filled with the temporarycover, the da-mpers are changed, and thc operation of' burning iscontinued. 4 e

During these operations, the feed-holes, in the bridges B, remainVApermanent, and always in proper i working condition, while the temporarycovers `have to be removed aud replaced with every change of the charge,and the advantages of an open-top kiln are combined with those of aclosed-top kiln. The workmen are enabled to walk on thetop of the kiln,,by stepping on thc bridges, without burning their soles, by beingcompelled to walk over the temporary cover,

lwhich becomes highly heated, and when the temporary cover is removed,the kiln cools off rapidly, and

allows the workmen to get inside without difiiculty, for the purpose ofintroducing fresh charges, or for cleaning the chambers, or for otherpurposes.

My kiln can also be used, with great advantage, for drying green bricks,by setting said bricks up, in the lmrning-chamber, in piles of suchheight as the consistency'of the green bricks will allow.

Aftera chamber has thus been charged with green bricks, sayito one-half'of its height, it is covered by movable 'covers of sheet-iron, or otherYsuitable material, one of them being laid between each adjoining twobridges; then the waste heat of the fire is allowed to pass throughthe'green bricks for several hours, until said bricksY are dried; thenthe uppebhalfrof` so that the fire in the kilns will require noattention, except the proper regulation of the draught, by means of thedampers.

AI disclaim everything shown and described in the patent of Hoifmann;but

\Vhat I claim as ne'wand desire to securel by Letters Patent, is-

l.' In an open-top progressive kiln, the arrangement of bridges B,provided with feed-holes a, substantiaily as describedf 2. The tubularfurnaces C, in combination with the burning-chambers A, substantially asset forth. p

` 3. The tubular furnaces C, in combination with the bridges B,extending across the open-top kiln, substantiall y as described. -rlhisspecification signed by me, this 24th day of April, 1869.

' HELMUTH DUEBERG. Witnesses:

W. HAUFF, 1 ERNEST F. KASTENHUBER.

